THE SEXUAL ORIENTATION IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

THE SEXUAL ORIENTATION

DEFINTION AND CONCEPT

According to Catherine Butler, Amanda O'Donovan & Elizabeth Shaw (2010) states sexual orientation refers to sexual identity or sexuality, which describes long-lasting, emotional, romantic, caring or erotic attraction for same-sex or different-sex individuals. The concept of sexual identity is important for someone to understand how they are and how they communicate with their sexuality. It can be lead to the safety of a person and belong to it, however, if the poor identity  is born in society such as transexuality or bisexuality, its can make a  difficult decisions for lack of understanding and prejudice. Most humans recognize with the termination of a continuum of sexual orientation that is homosexual or heterosexual, but is likely to be within a certain position. There is an increase in the number of people challenging the perception of sexual identity and they prefer to see sexuality as what they are doing and this sexually change from time to time or context.

Sexual orientation can be divided into three, heterosexual, homosexual and bisexual. Sexual orientation may change over time and it is not static on an individual. Sexual orientation can be changed but it will take a while longer because it is inherently instinctive. Sexual orientation can occur regardless of age, religion, culture and so on. The sexual orientation case has begin since then and this case lasted until today. Sexual orientation is influenced by several factors, namely environmental, cognitive and biological factors. A person's sexual orientation will mostly appear in the early teens.

HETEROSEXUAL

 

Heterosexuality is a sexual orientation. Most human beings will be attracted to sex with different sex than sex with gender. Normal human beings will be more interested in having sex with different sexes. For example, men will be attracted to women and women will be attracted to men. According to Larsson & Svendin in Richard (2002) states that signs of heterosexual eroticism have begin since childhood but sexual activity since childhood is mainly derived from masturbation and exploration of play, which can be directly involved in the sex or gender of children different. Therefore, child sexuality is often unclear about heterosexual. Since the end of the child, the child is getting the concentration of same-sex partners and avoiding to associate with different-gender partners. This gender  isolation limits the opportunities for heterosexual attraction  activities but this does not imply the weakening of children in heterosexual attraction. Heterosexual withdrawal is actually happening at a younger age where the boys will be agitated in girls and girls will be attracted to the boys.

HOMOSEXUAL

 

According to Linda Brannon et. al (2008) states that some people have an erotic attraction towards the same sex person and engage in having sex with the same gender. This is known as homosexuality. The number of people interested in sex, behavior, and identity is a differentiated minority estimate. Kinsey and his colleagues in Richard et al (1948) found that 37% of men stated they had sex with the same gender at some point in their lives. In addition, 28% of women reported having sex with the same gender. In Kinsey's study, people who are sexually active are sexually unrelated relationships throughout their lives.

Homosexual symptoms become widespread today. This symptom is not a new thing in society. But it has happened hundreds of years ago. Homosexual symptoms occur in all societies regardless of where. In western countries, these symptoms are a common symptom for them and laws in western countries have also allowed similar marriages. This is different for the Islamic state because homosexual symptoms are unhealthy symptoms and are strictly prohibited in Islamic religion. Homosexuality is one of the religious and national laws because it is a rather damned symptom. Some psychologists say homosexual acts are related to mental problems. Homosexuality in women is better known as lesbian and homosexual in men known as gay.

BISEXUAL

 

Bisexuality is an individual who intends to have sex with people of different sex and same sex. According to King & McKeown (2003), bisexuality covers a wide range of sexual identities and experiences where there is attraction to more than one gender. Someone who is bisexual will have sex and want to have sex with different sex and same sex. The bisexuals are between homosexual and heterosexual. Bisexual is associated with a worse mental illness than a homosexual and heterosexual person. Rieger (2008) states that in psychoanalytic theory a person attracted to both sexes is part of sexual development but should be abandoned in normal gender development. In one study has measured sexual stimulation and in this study found that men who professed to be bisexual would not be equally imposter on men and women at the same time. Some bisexuals will induce different men and women for intimate relationships. Some individuals have expressed bisexuals that will represent and cause one's initial steps to be gay and lesbian. Most bisexuals are homosexuals who are sexually similar but at the same time they are heterosexual and have had sex opposite sex at the same time. People who claim to be bisexual will receive a romantic and sexual relationship of different sex and same sex.

REFERENCES

1.  Catherine Butler, Amanda O'Donovan & Elizabeth Shaw (2010). Sex, Sexuality, Therapeutic Practice. London & New York : Routledge Taylor And Francis Group.

2. Gerulf Rieger (2005). Sexual Arousal Pattrens Of Bisexual Men. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01578.x

3. King, M., McKeown, E,. (2003). Mental Health and Social Wellbeing of Gay Men, Lesbians and Bisexual in England and Wales. London : MIND.

4. Linda, B., John, U., & Jess, J,. (2008). Health Psychology. Boston : Cancage Learning.

5. Richard A. Posner (1992). Sex and Reason. London : Harvard University Press.

6.Richard, M., Laurence, S,.(2004). New Jersey : Willey Publisher.